- 0-day
- A vulnerability with no available patch — defenders have had zero days to fix it.
- CVE
- Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures — a unique ID for a publicly known flaw.
- Payload
- The part of an exploit that performs the intended action after a vuln is triggered.
- Pivot
- Using a compromised host to reach networks you couldn't reach directly.
- Recon
- Reconnaissance — gathering information about a target before engaging.
- RCE
- Remote Code Execution — running arbitrary code on a target over the network.
- PrivEsc
- Privilege escalation — going from low-privilege access to admin/root.
- C2
- Command & Control — infrastructure used to operate compromised systems.
- Bug Bounty
- A program that pays researchers for responsibly reported vulnerabilities.
- Responsible Disclosure
- Reporting a flaw privately to the owner and giving time to fix it.
- Red Team
- Offensive security — simulating real adversaries to test defenses.
- Blue Team
- Defensive security — detection, response, and hardening.